My Autobiography Essay - 2512 Words

My Autobiography There is no one worth of worship except Allah, and Prophet Mohammed (saw) is the messenger of Allah My life goes by the above sentence. The firm belief in the oneness of Allah, my Lord, who has provided me with this life; the giver and taker of life. I believe that this life is only a test as to which we will be judged for in the life hereafter. I was born on March 12, 1987at approximately 6:07am, at the Whittington Hospital in Archway, on a humid spring morning, just before dawn. My two older sisters were also born in this hospital, and later, after my auspicious birth, my four younger brothers and little sister were also born there. My younger sister, Aaysha was†¦show more content†¦Hundreds of children must have been born there and we all had something in common. I realised that day, that Ive probably seen many of these children, or adults, in my fourteen years of living. They too, have probably seen me but none of us realised that we all had something in common. I sat there for a long time, thinking about the beauty of life and how amazing the work of God is, how a tiny human lives in its mothers stomach for nine months. As far as I know, there were no complications to my birth. My mother was ecstatic as I was the first son after two daughters. My family are a lot different from the other stereotypically cultural Asian families I know. Most Asian families I know consider sons better than daughters and I am thankful that my own parents dont have this warped mentality. However, after two daughters, I know my mother was secretly hoping for a son this time, as raising a son was obviously something she had not yet experienced and it would be undoubtedly refreshing. When my mother was pregnant with my brother Ismaeel, and I was old enough to understand the process of it, I asked my mother if she wanted a boy or a girl. She replied that she just wanted a healthy baby, and I knew that a babys health was far more important than its gender. Im thankful to my mother for having this mentality as I believe that parents views are often inflicted on theirShow MoreRelatedAutobiography Of My Life Autobiography1350 Words   |  6 Pagesdaughter and second child in my family. My sister, Mariah was born a little over five years before me and my brother, Marshall was born almost three years after me. My mother, Leigh Ann was and still is a stay at home mom. She now babysits and has been babysitting for six and a half years. The kids that she babysits is Lilly and Joshua. Lilly is six and a half years old and Joshua will be 3 this November. These kids are a huge part of my life and I feel blessed to have them. My dad worked and still currentlyRead MoreMy Autobiography658 Words   |  3 PagesMy name is Tiffany Amber Deramos. I live in Queens, New York, and am in 5th Grade. I was born on a warm and sunny day, so I am told, on March 26, 2002 at the Columbia Presbyterian Hospital in Manhattan. I started going to school when I was six-years old. I went to Kindergarten through Fifth Grade at PS/IS268Q Elementary. I won an award for honors for all for terms and an award for perfect attendance. Schoo l is very important to me and I like my teachers and the subjects we study. I study a lot becauseRead MoreMy Educational Autobiography1039 Words   |  5 PagesMy Educational Autobiography Our experiences in life shape who we become. Experiences are all around us. Sometimes, things that seem so insignificant at the time become part of who we are and who we want to be. It is not always just the good experiences that shape us, but also the bad. Reflecting on our past experiences will help us grow. My goal is to become a teacher, and not just a teacher, but a person who will impact the lives of those I am teaching so that one day when someone is writing theirRead More My Autobiography Essay1155 Words   |  5 PagesAutobiography I sit on my desk with vivid memories of my childhood. Its almost as if my visions are projected in front of me, almost as if I can spring into them and reenact my sweet childhood. I remember my day trips out with my family. We were together as a whole then, and I was full to the brim with love. I remember my mum joining me on the gentlerides while my dad videotaped my laughs and my joys. I felt induced to return my love and appreciation to myRead MoreMy Memories : An Autobiography953 Words   |  4 PagesCherished Memories: An Autobiography I was born on August 20, 2001, in Chesapeake, Virginia. I am the second child to my parents, Richard and Tiffany Philpot. My parents told me that I was a surprise because the doctors told them that my mother could not have any more children after my older brother, Cameron. I do not remember anything from when I was a baby. My mother told me that I liked to chatter and to listen to music, especially if it was from Barney. However, I do remember when I wasRead MoreMy Biography : My Autobiography3453 Words   |  14 PagesMy Autobiography My Autobiography There is no one worth of worship except Allah, and Prophet Mohammed (saw) is the messenger of Allah My life goes by the above sentence. The firm belief in the oneness of Allah, my Lord, who has provided me with this life; the giver and taker of life. I believe that this life is only a test as to which we will be judged for in the life hereafter. I was born on March 12, 1987at approximately 6:07am, at the Whittington Hospital in Archway, on a humid spring morningRead MoreMy Spiritual Autobiography1708 Words   |  7 PagesMy Spiritual Autobiography How did your relationship with God begin (when and where)? It started off slow and by slow I mean really slow. My father was a deacon and my mother was the Sunday school teacher for the kids and adults, My Spirituality was something I don’t think much about as a kid. I was more in to Power Ranger and Ninja Turtle that anything else. My mom and dad tried to make god a part of my life but it don’t work. I was just a little kid and all I want was to play. That was my spiritualRead MoreMy Autobiography :  ¨ Life966 Words   |  4 Pages My Autobiography  ¨Life’s a song. Sing it.† I began singing my song on May 6, 2006. I soon discovered I was the second child born out of three. The first building I was ever in was the Silverdale hospital In Silverdale, Washington. The time my mother went to the hospital was 11:00 p.m. on May 5th. The time I was born was 10:03 a.m. on the 6th. My amazingly generous neighbor took care of my sister while my mother was in labor. My one sibling at the time, Sierra was oneRead MoreAn Autobiography of My Education760 Words   |  3 PagesMy education started not long after I was born in 1989. I attended Ruth Washburn Nursery School, for 3 years, but I don’t have a lot of memories of what I learned. 3 things stand out to me. This was a place of great fun!! I learned how to love running. I could run for ages. Secondly the plecostomus’s were the coolest fish in the fish tank! Lastly I remember the song that goes, â€Å"Love is something if you give it away, give it away, give it away.† Skipping ahead into the future I am now in 4th gradeRead MoreAutobiography Of My Childhood861 Words   |  4 PagesOverland Park, Kansas I was born. I weighed 8 pounds 3 ounces and I was 20  ½ inches. The first people that came was my Grandma and Grandpa Bentley and my Uncle Ryan. Also my Grandpa and Grandma McNeely came. Everyone that came to visit me said I was really cute. At the Prince of Peace Catholic Church on May 22, 2005 I was baptized. My godparents are my Uncle Erik and Aunt Sandra. In 2008 my family and I moved to the house we currently live in now. When we moved into this house we actually got the paint

Romes Really Bad Emperors Essay - 1264 Words

Tiberius, who served as emperor from 14 to 37 AD, began his rule after the death of his father-in-law, Augustus. Tiberius was a weak ruler, and he understood that ruling Rome was like â€Å"holding a wolf by the ears.† When conflict arose in Europe, Tiberius sent his nephew, Germanicus, to deal with it. Germanicus did his job, and this resulted in Tiberius fearing the newest war-hero. To avoid the issue, Germanicus was appointed governor of the remote eastern provinces by his uncle. After the sudden death of Germanicus, people believed that Tiberius had poisoned him. He denied this, but the accusations never died. When he was in need of advice, Tiberius sought the assistance of Sejanus, a cavalry officer and town cheat. Tiberius sought the†¦show more content†¦Caligula also suffered from a chronic inability to sleep, a common symptom of epilepsy. Rather than being almost equal to his people, he acted godlike. Senators were forced to kiss his feet, and at dinner part ies, he seduced their wives. He restored the treason trials and executed allies and enemies. Sometimes, Caligula’s harsh actions were unexplained. For instance, when he was about to slaughter an animal for sacrifice, he turned and struck a priest nearby, killing him. During this time, Caligula was also spending more money than he had, and soon, the Roman treasury was bare. To get more spending money, he began to blackmail the rich of Rome. Caligula still saw himself as a god, and he ordered a statue of himself be built in the Temple of Jerusalem. Herod Agrippa convinced him otherwise. Finally, in 41 AD, after his return from Gaul, Caligula was murdered by the people he called allies, including members of his protectors. To avoid backlash, his wife and daughter were also killed, and he was succeeded by his uncle, Claudius. Nero, who took the throne after his mother poisoned Claudius, the current emperor, ruled from 54 to 68 AD. At first, Nero was the picture-perfect emperor. H e lowered taxes, allowed more freedom to the Senate, granted permission to slaves who wanted to sue their unfair owners, and rid Rome of capital punishment. Eventually, NeroShow MoreRelatedRome in the 3rd Century AD1216 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Roman Empire was like for people in early and late antiquity, under the republic and early empire and especially in the 2nd century. Without going into too much detail, the Roman Republic and early Roman Empire were dominated by Senators and Emperors that only came from dominating Roman/Italian families. Roman citizenship was a privilege that not everyone was able to enjoy. Rome was expanding its territorial power and beginning to define itself as the central power of the Mediterranean regionRead MoreThe Entertainment System Of Ancient Rome Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesCaesars. Caesar used these gladiators to entertain the middle class of Rome called the â€Å"Plebeians†. If the middle class remained entertained, he would retain power in his empire. The Roman Emperors used gladiatorial games to distract, control, and oppress Plebeians living during his reign as emperor. Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar, afraid of losing the next election, as a form of distraction created the gladiator games we know today. Aristocrats tried to fight for control of the government, forcingRead More Agricola as Hope for a Troubled Empire Essay1911 Words   |  8 PagesTacitus’ Agricola, though it traverses a significant part of Rome’s conquest of Britain, is primarily about the man from whom the book takes it title. Tacitus used British conquest to show the reader Agricola’s many virtues, and he explained why Romans should strive to follow Agricola’s example. At the same time, however, Tacitus echoed Agricola’s virtues to Rome, which, before and during the writing of his book, endured several tyrannical emperors. Tacitus’ book, besides praising an individual, suggestedRead MoreSex in the City-the Roman Empire1579 Words   |  7 Pagesstigma and guilt that we associate with it today. No men took advantage of this more than the men with the most power, the emperors. Although many of the Roman Emperors were perverse you only have to look at the first three to find how the morals for the Roman Empire were set. There is no better place to start talking about sex in the Roman empire than with the first emperor, Augustus. Born Gaius Octavius in 63 BC, he was destined for greatness from the very beginning. When he was born the astrologerRead MoreWas Mark Antony A Bad Man?619 Words   |  3 PagesMark Antony a bad man? Was it because he made bad life decisions, or because he got around with the ladies? There are many reasons why he could be thrown into the category of bad guys, but the key point to be made on the subject would have to be that he was undoubtedly loyal to Julius Caesar. Not only was Caesar his best friend, but they were family as well. Now theres nothing wrong with being loyal it’s actually quite a formidable trait to have, but not when people are loyal to a bad person or aRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1495 Words   |  6 Pagesspecifically, he focused on the emperor. He discusses that conflict became more common, and as a result, the emperors in power became more focused on ensuring their own survival. This effected their ability to efficiently govern their empire. Goldsworthy argues that this development ultimately made the empire more vulnerable and defenseless. Goldsworthy also focused on the senatorial class and how the changes to this class also changed the dynamic of the position of emperor. Emperor were traditionally chosenRead MoreThe Roman Empire Essay1216 Words   |  5 PagesLegend says they were raised by a wolf and ran off to a city they both wanted to rule but they killed each other over their lust for power. Romulus killed Remus and named the city Rome after his victory. Romulus’s story influenced many Romans but, what really happened was Romans were under Etruscan rule for many years as slaves until the Romans rebelled and overthrew their masters. Romans were discouraged by Greece thinking Rome would be easily swept away. Rome was attacked by many barbaric tribes includingRead MoreWhy Is Julius Caesar Significant ?1388 Words   |  6 Pageswas in debt, Caesar was able to help restore the money lost by people. Caesar did this by cancelling all interest payments due at the beginning of 49 BCE. Romans did not have to pay rent for one year. While these actions were not able to eliminate Rome’s debt, Caesar’s solution to the problem helped to get rid of some of debt in a way that satisfied both lenders and borrowers. He was also able to help out the unemployment problem Rome was suffering, by cutting the amount of free grain giving outRead MoreThe Colosseums Role in Ancient Roman Society Essay5679 Words   |  23 Pages the most popular form of entertainment was the gladiator fights. These fights, usually among animals and trained public fighters, were staged in open arenas in a citys forum. There is evidence that the gladiator fights were originally staged in Romes main town square because of a remark by the first-century B.C. Roman architect Vitruvius. He once wrote: The custom of giving gladiatorial shows in the forum has been handed down from our ancestors. As the years passed, the fights became more andRead MoreEssay Ancient Roman Religion3532 Words   |  15 Pagesspan from the founding of the city to the fall of the empire. The First Phase (753 BC to 500 BC) - The first phase of Roman religion dated from the founding of the city to the early republic. This phase occurred before the Roman civilization had really adopted the Greek ways and so the religious practices of this time consisted of only three gods and these gods were known as the Archaic Triad. The gods of the archaic Triad were Jupiter (Jove) ,Mars and Quirinus. These gods had their Greek counterparts

Graffiti as Art Essay Example For Students

Graffiti as Art Essay Graffiti, attractive as some of it may be, it is vandalism. It is vandalism to write on peoples property without their permission. However a lot of the graffiti on our streets is very nice to look at. Walking through the laneways of the city, or along the side of a railway line can be like walking through an art gallery. There are different types of graffiti, such as tagging, which is where someone just writes their initials or logo on a window, or wall. This is what most people think about when they think of graffiti. It is ugly, it has no point, and it ruins the appearance of our cities. The stencil graffiti, and graffiti art are the kinds of graffiti we ought to be encouraging in our towns and cities. It is a great form of decoration to help liven up and create interest in what would be boring brick walls and it gives areas a happier feel to them. This form of graffiti is also a way for people to express themselves and show the world about issues they think are being ignored and need to have attention brought to them. But of course, it would be a disaster if people walking on the streets, freely made their mark on what ever they wanted. This is why we need dedicated graffiti zones. We need zones where graffiti is tolerated so people can express themselves freely without breaking the law. For many people, graffiti is also a way to express themselves, and vent anger, if people arent allowed to vent this anger it will build up inside them, and be taken out in other ways, most possibly violence. And if theres one thing we dont need in the streets, its more violence. Many people believe that by setting up allocated zones for graffiti would increase the number of tags throughout the city. But this is not so, because their work would be better seen in a graffiti zone and not on highway overpasses and the reason for the works is for it to be seen. Allocated graffiti zones are obviously a great idea to reduce the number of artworks spread across the city, and it would also decrease the amount of money the government spends on cleaning it up. When travelling on the train to and through Melbourne the artwork on walls, tunnels and bridges is the only thing that keeps people awake on the trip. Graffiti art is a colourful exciting and interesting way to liven up what would otherwise be a boring, depressing and grey trip. Tagging is graffiti art or vandalism and definitely not art but the true graffiti art is a show of great talent and skill and creates an interest in the town walls and issues that would normally go unnoticed.

No Review Essay Example

No Review Paper Essay on No I love fantasy, love and style of cyberpunk so full of hope, seized a little book, opened his eyes and started to drive back and forth, jump from line to line And what I read of it Fiction: well, let alone here without fancy? Of course, it is necessary to invent something sort of, but not only invented but also to name and describe. Heres a little problem And it starts: a bunch of future titles Heres Bion, but morph And so on to the imagination to believe a weak description of themselves think out how, what and why. Anyway, this is still possible to agree, well, not all authors to chew and put gruel us, the readers, in your mouth. To guess dorisuem, razzhuem Cyberpunk: oh I love this thing, well, thats nice in my heart and pictures, books, and computer games, movies and Stop! Come on? Something I did not manage to see where is cyber, where punk here? Well, not atmospheric If only with a magnifying glass to watch, perhaps something and noticed. Well, nothing, and you can even think out, to finish, to chew Pornography: Well, there was quite boring. Most of what pulls, so at the instruction manual. Dry, ugly Tyrke-Pyrkov one word And I do not think out, not dorisovyvat or chew nothing like bread crumbs in his mouth poured, and then drink nothing We will write a custom essay sample on No Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on No Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on No Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Mat: the great and powerful as you have it and so castrated? Well what nailing strong buzzwords rude and out of place as if nailed nails wallpaper? Enhance expression? Or may convey the atmosphere? No, IMHO past the cashier, did not work, unfairly, not from the heart That Erofeev mat it is harmonious, sometimes even hear his tone, but here so shaped as letters on paper not edible idea: love, carrots, pain-mol Well, fantastic, I agree, well chernushny, stitched plot, intertwined in places two-three good phrases, but no more And do not say that this is only the surface, they say, one who carefully reads Egegey! Somehow, Im sure no one would dive into the smelly rotten swamp, hoping that at the bottom of its coral reefs, yes, and fish curry colored somersault. swears at me I swear on itself = ) Ah, the co-author Lenore Goralik. So what to do? Apparently at this time, the fakir was drunk and the focus was not successful

physic Essays - Elementary Particles, Particle Physics, Dark Matter

Physics covers a wide range of phenomena, from elementary particles (such as quarks, neutrinos and electrons) to the largest superclusters of galaxies. Included in these phenomena are the most basic objects from which all other things are composed, and therefore physics is sometimes called the "fundamental science".[8] Physics aims to describe the various phenomenon that occur in nature in terms of simpler phenomena. Thus, physics aims to both connect the things observable to humans to root causes, and then to try to connect these causes together. For example, the ancient Chinese observed that certain rocks (lodestone) were attracted to one another by some invisible force. This effect was later called magnetism, and was first rigorously studied in the 17th century. A little earlier than the Chinese, the ancient Greeks knew of other objects such as amber, that when rubbed with fur would cause a similar invisible attraction between the two. This was also first studied rigorously in the 17th century, and came to be called electricity. Thus, physics had come to understand two observations of nature in terms of some root cause (electricity and magnetism). However, further work in the 19th century revealed that these two forces were just two different aspects of one force ? electromagnetism. This process of "unifying" forces continues today, and electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force are now considered to be two aspects of the electroweak interaction. Physics hopes to find an ultimate reason (Theory of Everything) for why natur e is as it is (see section Current research below for more information).

Stoichiometry and the Chemical Equation essays

Stoichiometry and the Chemical Equation essays The purpose of the laboratory is use our knowledge of stoichiometry in a hands-on experience. Stoichiometry refers to the calculations of the different quantities of the reactants and products of chemical reactions. In our experiment, we will use Stoichiometry to figure out the chemical equation of the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and bleach. For the experiment, a setup was made as follows: For each trial, the same amount of bleach was used: 4.0 mL. A specific amount of hydrogen peroxide was used, with each progressing trial using one more gram than the previous. After creating the setup shown above, the flask was stirred, causing the vial containing hydrogen peroxide to spill into the bleach. The reaction released oxygen gas that filled up in the 100 mL graduated cylinder. After the reaction finished, we observed the volume of the oxygen gas. With that data, we graphed the volume of oxygen gas produced versus the mass of the hydrogen peroxide used. Also, we will figure out the density of bleach by doing four trials of massing .500 mL of bleach. Set A Actual Mass of H2O2 Used (g) mL O2 Produced (mL) Note: for all trials, a volume of 4.0 mL of bleach was used. Mass of .500 mL of Bleach (g) Density of Bleach Solutions (g/mL) Average Density of Bleach = (.956 + .912 + .936 + .970) 4 = .944 g/mL From analysis of the graph, the equivalence point is (4.0 mL Bleach, 3.496 g H2O2) (From the Lab Manual) Bleach is 5.25% (w/w) NaOCl (From the Lab Manual) Hydrogen Peroxide is 3.00% (w/w) H2O2 4 mL Bleach x (.944 g Bleach mL Bleach) x (5.25 g NaOCl 100 g Bleach) x (1 mol NaOCl 74.44 g NaOCl) = 2.66 e-3 mol NaOCl (3.00 g H2O2 100. Solution) x (3.496 g Solution) x (1 ...

Marsh's Metals Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marsh's Metals - Case Study Example By choosing this alternative, the company can maximize their possible profit to about $51,250,000 (or more) as against selecting the alternative to sell the rhenium to Fleishman and making a possible profit of $45,000,000 (or more). Marsh’s Metals, a privately held metals broker in Prescott Florida, has acquired 10,000 kilograms1 of partially refined rhenium ore (Re) from the Niger government for $8,000 per kilogram. Bob Marsh, the owner of Marsh’s Metals, estimates that he would be able to sell all the ore for $12,000 or more per kilogram. Bruce Fleishman Jr., president of the Fleishman Refining Company based in Walla Walla (WA), who is an old friend with whom Bob Marsh has done business in the past, has contacted him about purchasing 5,000 kilograms of rhenium ore for his specialty metals company. Bruce has offered a $1,000 premium per kilogram over the normal $12,000 Bob is asking for the ore. At about the same time Huffman Smelter and Minerals from San Antonio TX called to order 4,500 kilograms of the rhenium ore for their immediate needs and are willing to pay $14,500 per kilogram for the ore. He is leaning on selling to Fleishman because he is a repeat customer at a 70% probability, but could be convinced to sell to Huffman if the monetary figures work out. Bob has two alternatives, sell the 5,000 kilograms rhenium to Fleishman or 4,500 kilograms to Huffman, and then later sell the remaining ore on the open market. Bob wants to maximize his profit by choosing an alternative. A Precision tree is constructed for the given scenario using two possible alternatives, sell the rhenium to Fleishman or to Huffman, and sell the remaining ore on the open market. The branch with the maximum Expected Monetary Value (EMV) will determine the possible alternative. Marsh’s Metals has two alternatives, sell to Fleishman or to Huffman. This

Art and design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Art and design - Essay Example The Harlem renaissance art borrowed heavily from post impressionism. The African American community came to understand that it was their time to flourish as human beings. This is usually referred to as the period of enlightenment for the African American artists and the people. This essay seeks to discuss the Harlem renaissance basing on the two prominent figures, Richmond Barthe and Aaron Douglas. It compares and contrasts their early life, their education and their contribution in the Harlem renaissance. Richmond Barthe was born in bay St Louis, Mississippi. This was on January 28, 1901. His father was sr. Richmond Barthe and his mother Marie clementine Robateau. His mother sewed to support the family and his father died when he was only a year old. His mother later remarried to Barthe’s godfather, William franklin. William had no stable job and he worked odd jobs to sustain the family. This included being the icemen to the local community. Interestingly, Barthe’s interest in art developed at a very tender age. Barthe himself mentions that his mother would keep him calm through giving him a piece of paper to draw on. This would allow the mother enough time to run the house errands (Schulman & Peter, 2009 p123). At the age of six years, Barthe began to paint after the master the mum sewed for gave him a set of water colors. At this age, Barthe could draw well. When Barthe was a teenager, his art was overdeveloped for his age. Most of his paintings captured his father’s ice customers and his mother’s sewing customers. Luckily as he helped his father in delivering ice during the summer, one of the customers noticed the hardship and helped him get a job in New Orleans (Black, 2009 p234). This family encouraged his art and as he worked as a houseboy, Barthe furthered his talent in art. It was around this time that Barthe met Lyle Saxon. This was a writer for the New

Week one questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week one questions - Essay Example â€Å"Though Nokia invested a large amount on its new version called "Nokia Lumia 920", it did not meet the expectations of Nokia’s customers†(Giri, 2012). Nokia promised much and delivered less whereas its competitors like Samsung and Apple promised less and delivered more. Apple is using its own iOS operating system in iPhones whereas Samsung is using Google’s Android OS in its smartphones. Even though Windows is the leading OS in the computer world, it is not so in the mobile phone world. Moreover, the features and designs of Lumia are comparatively inferior to that of iPhone or Galaxy S3. All these factors contributed heavily to Lumia’s failure in the market despite the fact that smartphone market is growing rapidly. Google trends and marketresearch.com are the two websites I would like to use for market research. Present trends in the market with respect to any product are displayed in Google trends. It provides graphical illustrations also about the present trends in the market. Market research.com is another website which helps entrepreneurs to check the current trends in the market. It provides market intelligence required to make sound business decisions. I would like to search these websites to know the demand and supply of the product or service which I am going to offer to the consumers. Moreover, I will look for the competition and price factors also. Market research is a costly act. It is often done with the help of primary as well as secondary research. Modern technologies like computers and internet helps even small scale industries to conduct effective and less costly market research. Survey and focus groups are the two cheapest options available for small scale industries to learn the market trends. Surveys are primary market research method aimed to collect primary data from specific group of people or consumers. It can be administered easily with the help of email or

Leadership Competencies: Garbage Can Model

Leadership Competencies: Garbage Can Model There are two major decision making models. The garbage can decision making model is reality based, and intended to extend the understanding of organizational decision making by accentuating a time-based context (the situation at one point in time) and accepting chaos as reality. This is typical decision making in the emergency room of a hospital; the expertise of the medical team is vital. Rational (willful choice) decision-making models are a subset of reality-based models (Ledlow Coppola, 2011). In an emergency room situation, willful choice principles are mentally checked off by physicians at roughly the speed of light. Choice is guided by four basic principles: (1) unambiguous (knowing which questions are relevant) awareness of another possibility; (2) likelihood and knowledge of significances; (3) a rational and reliable priority system for alternate ordering; and (4) heuristics or decision rules to choose an alternative (Ledlow Coppola, 2011). After a decision is made using the garbage can decision method, rational choices are made regarding implementation. The garbage can model is quite different from traditional decision-making models. It assumes that organizations are a long way from flawless and work in a condition of insurgency (without guidelines), where hierarchical inclinations and procedures are indistinct to the individuals from the association and policy makers in the association change frequently. The garbage can model assumes that no authoritative procedure for finding an answer for an issue exists and that decision makers are separated from issues and arrangements (Bugajenko, 2003). Both willful choice and garbage can decision models are utilized in health organizations. The willful choice, or rational, model accepts that individuals in associations settle on choices considering reason, in a purposeful way, through an insightful and deliberate procedure that results in an ideal choice. It involves six sequential steps: 1. Identify the problem. 2. Collect data. 3. List all possible solutions. 4. Test possible solutions. 5. Select the best course of action. 6. Implement the solution based on the decision made (Ledlow Coppola, 2011). The garbage can, or reality-based, hypothesis accept that decisions are made on a messy and indiscriminate premise, like satisficing or wading through. In health care associations members in the decision-making process regularly have clashing viewpoints of the issue, have restricted time and assets to gather information, and are obliged to consider every conceivable solution by regulatory compliance requirements. In addition, time and money limits make it irrational to test all conceivable arrangements (Problem Solving and Decision Making in Health Organizations, n.d.) Use of both decision-making tools is vital in such instances as mental health, providing a greater range of important input in treatment decision making (Strauss, Lawless, Sells, 2009). Overall, it is shown that in the medical industry, both willful choice and garbage can decision making models are instrumental in the successful delivery of healthcare. References: Bugajenko, O. (2003). The garbage can model of decision making. Retrieved January 31, 2017, from http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-garbage-can-model-of-decision-making.html Ledlow, G. R., Coppola, M. N. (2011). Leadership for Health Professionals: Theory, Skills and Applications (14th ed.). Retrieved from https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781449626440/cfi/6/4!/4/2/14/8/26/[emailprotected]:0 Maister, D. (2001). Davidmaister.Com > garbage can decision making. Retrieved February 3, 2017, from David Maister Professional Business Professional Life, http://davidmaister.com/articles/garbage-can-decision-making/ Problem Solving and Decision Making in Health Organizations. Retrieved February 3, 2017, from Frates Health Care, file:///G:/HSM410/07ch_frates_health_care_1.pdf Strauss, J., Lawless, M. S., Sells, D. (2009). Becoming expert and understanding mental illness. Psychiatry, 72(3), 211-21. doi:https://search.proquest.com/docview/220676554?accountid=41759

Spoilage Rates

India Agriculture Spoilage Data Per 2010  FAO  world agriculture statistics, India is the world's largest producer of many fresh  fruits  and vegetables,  milk, major  spices, select fresh meats, select fibrous crops such as  jute, several staples such as  millets  and  castor oil  seed. India is the second largest producer of  wheat  and  rice, the world's major  food staples. India is also the world's second or third largest producer of several  dry fruits, agriculture-based  textile  raw materials,  roots  and  tuber  crops,  pulses, farmed  fish,  eggs,  coconut,  sugarcane  and numerous  vegetables.India ranked within the world's five largest producers of over 80% of agricultural produce items, including many  cash crops  such as  coffeeand  cotton, in 2010. India is also one of the world's five largest producers of livestock and poultry meat, with one of the fastest growth rates, as of 2011. India exported about 2 billion kilograms each of wheat and rice in 2011 to Africa, Nepal, Bangladesh and other regions of the world. Aquaculture and catch fishery  is amongst the fastest growing industries in India.Between 1990 and 2010, Indian fish capture harvest doubled, while aquaculture harvest tripled. In 2008, India was the world's sixth largest producer of marine and freshwater capture fisheries, and the second largest aquaculture farmed fish producer. India exported 600,000 metric tonnes of fish products to nearly half of all the world's countries. Lack of cold storage and harvest spoilage causing over 30% of farmer's produce going to waste, India lacks cold storage, food packaging as well as safe and efficient rural transport system.This causes one of the world's highest food spoilage rates, particularly during Indian monsoons and other adverse weather conditions. Food travels to the Indian consumer through a slow and inefficient chain of traders. Indian consumers buy agricultural produce in suburban markets known as ‘sabzi mandi' such as one shown or from roadside vendors. As per the report by Shri M. S. Swaminathan (Planning Commission 1981), up to 40% of certain fruits and vegetables go waste due to their perishable nature and non-availability of appropriate post harvest infrastructure. As per nother study (TIFAC – 1996), wastage in certain food is as high as over 30% and in vegetables the losses are up to 20% to 30% at the post harvest stages due to poor storage, transportation, lack of infrastructure and the inadequacy of the marketing set-up. As per this report, India wastes more fruits and vegetables than are consumed in a country like U. K. The total wastage in all food sectors is high and worth Rs. 500,000 million. It is also estimated that the wastage cost of fruits and vegetables is Rs. 350,000 millions per year which is four to five times than those of food grains.Even in food grains the loss is reckoned at 5-10% on account of insect infestatio n and inadequate storage. Types of Food Spoilage Food spoilage and contamination are defined as those adverse changes in quality caused by the action of specific conditions or agents that induce physical and chemical changes and also includes micro-organisms, insect, bird and rodent pests. Mechanical damage is also instrumental in spoilage. Bruises and wounds are such defects, which frequently cause chemical and microbial spoilage.The primary causes of food spoilage include the following: †¢ Biological – these include micro-organisms like bacteria, yeasts and molds, and other agents like insects, rodents and birds †¢ Chemical – these include enzymatic or non-enzymatic reactions †¢ Physical – these include breakage, bruises, crushing and cut or otherwise dismembered surfaces Figure 2 depicts the â€Å"Food Pipeline† and summarises the physical and biological ways of occurrence of food loss. Meat and Poultry Processing The production of meat is steadily increasing with an annual production of 4. million tonnes, which is contributed mainly by pigs followed by sheep, goat, buffalo and poultry meat. Meat producing industry in India is largely confined to the unorganised sector and there is very limited upgradation of technology. The constraints are absence of farms for rearing meat producing animals and absence of cold-chain facilities. The market for scientifically and hygienically produced meat products is expected to grow rapidly due to constantly developing urbanisation. As a result of changing lifestyles, the21 demand for ready–to–cook food is growing rapidly.Overall very little of meat production is scientifically produced, processed and packaged as branded products. Most meat consumed in India is in fresh form. Less than 1% of meat is processed into value-added products like sausages, ham, bacon, luncheon meat, kababs meat balls etc. Figure 6 gives the production of meat and meat products. Lack of cold chain demand makes the cold chain infra costly (more demand – more competition – lesser price), the additional cost (in comparison with non cool chain products) eventually gets loaded on the products serviced through high cost cold chain.Now, if supposedly some inferior product is available at a lesser price, very few in India shall buy a superior product serviced through cold chain, particularly when product in question is considered â€Å"fresh† only when it comes outside the controlled atmosphere (read cold store). Remember – fresh peas here sells @ Rs 150 a kg during off seasons against frozen at Rs 50 Kg. You need to have customers. Therefore, I am of the view that future demand for cold chain in India shall be driven not by fresh foods but by foods and pharmaceutical categories which compulsorily requires cold chain.Ready to eat frozen products, frozen vegetables, imported fruit etc comes to mind here. If these categories grow in India – inf ra to handle this shall automatically grow. Increased growth of cold chain shall drive down the cold chain price for more adopters to follow, reducing the cost. I can foresee a strong correlation between cold chain growth with growth of microwave ovens. At the end of the day it is all about markets. It is not only the demand of right products that hinders the growth of cold store industry in India, services too share equal blameFew years back we built a world class cold storage infra for potatoes and apples at the only clock auction market for fruit and vegetables in India. This cold stores had all the modern bells and whistles like pallets, forklift, screw compressors et al. Know what happened. Third party apple storage for trading at this store turned out to be a non-starter as apple trading in India is based on samples for small lots which could not be drawn out for inspection by traders as quickly as they are drawn out in an ambient environment or a traditional cold store.Moral of the story. Trade’s service demand dictate the cold storage needs. FTA agreements July 23, 2012 –  The Honourable Ed Fast, Minister of International Trade and Minister for the Asia-Pacific Gateway, today met with representatives of the Canada-India Business Council in Montreal, where he highlighted the launch of a fifth round of negotiations toward a Canada-India trade agreement.A Canada-India joint study concluded that a trade agreement between the two countries could boost Canada’s economy by at least $6  billion. Reference: http://www. thestar. com/news/world/article/1176287–india-s-wheat-left-to-rot-due-to-lack-of-storage http://anilchopra. com/blog/personal/why-cold-storage-industry-is-not-growing-in-india/ http://smallb. in/sites/default/files/knowledge_base/best_practices/RoleofplasticsinconservationofFoodResources. pdf

Effect of Family History on Workplace Behavior Essay

Family is the very first environment that one person dwells with. This is where we are originated and as the tradition goes with the flow of fast changing society, still, the thought of conjugal connection is still imply nowadays. In any job interview, we are being called with our family name, thus, we always recognize professionally with our surname. In this part we could already see how people look at the origin of our great, great grand parents. In a scenario of a workplace, when one is new into the job, that person has yet to be acquainted with the other workmates. More often than not, the people we might forget to ask where we live, or when do we finish our study, but they do not forget to ask our family. The family name could be a tracing path of our history. We could not deny the fact that some other people, when they know that you came from a well-off family, or in a high profile family, they would tend to socialize with you easily. And also, they could even do you a favor at a time without any hesitations. In this case the family history affects one person positively since people in the job have good treatment towards the person. Further, there are also some cases that other people judge you based on your family. Some job hiring, when they know that one person has this surname, they immediately assume some characteristics that they could use as basis of accepting that person or not. For example, a person who has a family of Maxwell is easily accepted in a job hiring because based on the records of the employer, the family of Maxwell are responsible and hardworking. Both examples show positive remarks of family history towards a person. However, there are also people who are too judgmental in terms of the origin of the family o one person such that they connote one person of not-so-good characteristics and attributions. There are cases in any professional work that because one employee came from a family which has a relative of a convict or law violator, they also assumed that the person is the same with the relative since they believe in blood connection, such that the blood that circulates in their body are the same or one. They attribute it to the behavior of the person that the blood has something to do with the cognitive. In a nutshell, the family history affects the workplace behavior through their judgment or sometimes hasty generalization towards a person.

Military Conscription †Argumentative Essay

Military Conscription – Argumentative Essay Free Online Research Papers A rising issue that many people are beginning to notice is the need for more American troops to defend our great nation. Every year, our military has had less and less people volunteer to fight threats to our freedom. Until the World Trade Center attacks, we had a substantial military force, but the number of troops is beginning to dwindle where we need them most. There comes a time when the people of a nation need to rise up and take a stand for this country. Throughout history, the only way sizable forces, forces large enough to win wars, are acquired is through Military Conscription, commonly known in America as the Draft. The Draft is not only useful, but also necessary to win a war, and the time has come to make use of it. Today, in the United States, citizens enjoy the comforts of American society as they go along in their everyday lives. Many people, as they go along their day, tend to forget the sacrifices being made to defend the simple things they enjoy. Others, like me, want to do something about it. Until the war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the Army has had a substantial number of servicemen and women to defend our country. But today, as men are leaving the military, the need for more volunteers rises each day, while the number of volunteers decreases each day. President Bush should have enacted the draft long ago, when the problems with the Middle Eastern people started greatly affecting our economy. But now, with a possible war with North Korea, the draft seems all the more inevitable. We simply do not have the numbers possible to fight two wars at once. George Washington once stated, â€Å"†¦it must be laid down as a primary position and the basis of our system, that every citizen who enjoys the protection of a free Government owes not only a proportion of his property, but even his personal service to the defense of it.† I completely agree with our first President, because I also believe that people have no right to enjoy the freedom of our country without making their own sacrifices for it. The people who protest the draft need only to learn a little history to change their minds. In World War II, we only had six million volunteers to fight. We would not have won that war without the help of over ten million draftees. If somebody wants to complain about the war in Iraq taking so long, they should enlist and help in the effort to end it sooner. It may not matter though, if we end up at war with North Korea, because that will leave three choices for Americans. One: join the military. Two: Enact the draft. Three: Lose the war. I don’t know about everyone else, but I would prefer one of the first two. If enough people do not join the military, than the Government will have no choice but to enact the draft. As thin as the military is already spread out, we have no choice as it is but to have the draft. Believe it or not, the more people we have fighting, the less lives we will lose, and the quicker the wars will end. That is the ultimate goal. Whether voluntary or not, we need more service members. It will be one, or eventually the other. We will soon find our which it will be. Research Papers on Military Conscription - Argumentative EssayThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Quebec and CanadaTwilight of the UAWDefinition of Export QuotasAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

contrast Max Mullers Theory Nature Worship With Edward Burnett Tylors Theory of Animism The WritePass Journal

Compare/contrast Max Mullers Theory Nature Worship With Edward Burnett Tylors Theory of Animism Introduction Compare/contrast Max Mullers Theory Nature Worship With Edward Burnett Tylors Theory of Animism )Â   The Wakeful World: Animism, Mind and the Self in Nature. New Alresford: Moon Books Phillips, Maurice (2013) The Evolution of Hinduism, Hong Kong: Forgotten Books Stark, Rodney (2008)Â   Discovering God: The Origins of the Great Religions and the Evolution of Belief, London: HarperOne

Rises of Interest Rate is Affecting the Housing Affordability Essay

Rises of Interest Rate is Affecting the Housing Affordability - Essay Example As the interest rates rise, the mortgage payments amounts also escalate. This poses as an unfavourable situation for the homebuyers, and causes a decline in the housing affordability. Empirical evidence suggests that this has been the case in the years whenever the interest rates rose. When such is the situation, the homebuyers can be offered such financial products by the banking sector that they can conveniently make the home buying decision, thus supporting the housing affordability. The huge majority of Australians desire to own a home and housing assets form the leading fraction of wealth for a good number of Australians. Australian house prices have been mounting discordantly in recent times. This price growth has been well in surplus of average weekly earnings growth over the same period, and as such the ratio of house prices to average earnings is now soaring. The Australian property market is basically comprised of many markets of separate sectors and geographical locations. This is the fact that must be considered as many various forces may contribute in shifting prices in separate markets, and the overall Australian property market's price gains or falls may disguise the actual micro market price shifts. Residential housing is determined by two markedly separate sources of demand; owner-occupiers and owner-investors. Both sources of demand are determined by diverse (but connected) aspects and the payback that accrues to the owner can take a collection of shapes depending on their standing. Payback can be the accredited rent that owner-occupiers get hold of by living in a house, or it can be the takings resulting from renting out an investment property or it can be (in both cases) the capital gain that is realised upon selling of the hothirty percent of income. The level of nominal interest rates and their rate of change are major determinants of the demand for home finance, along with levels of consumer confidence. (http://www.dhw.wa.gov.au/housingstrategywa/hswa_finance.pdf) Affordability of access and servicing of payments becomes an increasing issue as interest rates rise. Any rise in interest rates is probable to upset borrowers with diminutive equity and make it further difficult for would-be first homebuyers. Simply speaking, housing finance is the system of money and credit that works to offer housing affordability. In that sense, it is quite similar to finance for any other shape of investment. The established level of interest rate also affects the demand for and supply of home finance. The customary economic conditions very much affect the interest rates, over which the housing sector has very little control. Research Questions Aims and Purpose This research paper will aim to provide an insight to the effect of a rise in interest rates on the housing affordability of Australia. The close link of these two aspects, that is the interest rate levels and the housing affordability will be proved and the various other driving forces will be identified. The historical data and figures will be used to establish the empirical trend. In addition, why such a link exists and what are the reasons that the housing affordability is connected to the prevailing levels of interest rates will be illustrated in this paper. Objectives This

Accounting Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Accounting Scholarship - Essay Example Next, to this, it is further stated that my aims and objectives are crystal clear. My personal interests, understanding, and abilities in the field of Accounting drive me towards the achievement of professionalism in this field. I also feel that the field of Accounting offers prestigious career options for students like Finance Specialists, Accounting Associates, Financial Accountant, Budget and Management Analysts, Accounting Assistants and Accountants. So, I greatly wish to have some association with any of such jobs as my future career to achieve best possible excellence. Furthermore, I also want to mention that it is my utmost desire to serve in any of a big firm of Accounting in the US like Deloitte, PwC, Ernst & Young, KPMG etc after completion of my higher studies. The progress and success of these companies really inspired me a lot and motivated to perform even better in life.Next to academics, I also wish to mention here my community involvement. I worked at community level voluntarily several times. I have the great impression as far as my teachers are concerned as I have always participated in class activities, presentations and discussions. I have also created good impression amongst my peers and teachers. So, right now I judge myself as a successful student who is enthusiastic in chasing his goals- a person who wants to consume his tendencies in the accomplishment of his goals. Please give me a chance for this scholarship. I am sure that you will find me a very successful and distinct person.

Complex Computer Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Complex Computer Systems - Research Paper Example Most computer systems that are considered successful demonstrate a positive direct effect on the perceived eases of use. Therefore, some computer systems are never fully accepted by their intended users, and are underutilized (Hasan, 2007). Also, very few IT systems have been categorized as truly successful. There are numerous factors and processes that make IT projects complex (The British ComputerSociety, 2006). Understanding and proper management of these projects is important to comprehend why such projects fail. It also helps to understand how proper management of complexity can increase success for computer systems. Technology is an important source of complexity of computer systems, but the key source of complexity is the scope of the project, as set by management (The British Computer Society, 2006). Among the success or failure factors are social, economic and technical factors. These factors influence whether the complex computer system project succeeds or fails in its obje ctives. There must be technical and social strategies designed to detect and manage external and internal influences to ensure success of any complex computer system. ... esign and production of prepayment gas meters, introduced to the United Kingdom energy market to make work easier for energy suppliers and domestic clients (The British Computer Society, 2006). Central service installed on server database and application server. These have interfaces and tier supplier infrastructure The Smart Meter System has several components. First, the Smart Meter’s Central System has a web interface and Oracle database (TheBritishComputerSociety, 2006). The web interface and Oracle database have been built on a Distributed Computing Infrastructure. Integration of these components with the central system allows for online payment. The payment is identified by the payment agent. A Short Message (SMS) is processed by the SMS provider system. Also, every Smart Meter System has an Apache web server, which is used to deliver user interfaces. The Oracle 9i database component of the system is was used to produce the database, while the Tomcat servlet container is driven by Java and the STRUTS framework (TheBritishComputerSociety, 2006). This uses Java Server Pages and cascading style sheets for presentation layer. The Prepayment Metering Infrastructure Provider application allows suppliers to interact with their meters in real time (The British Computer Society, 2006). The Smart Meter System is a complex computer system because it allows domestic clients and domestic energy provision customers to make prepayments for their gas, using their mobile phones. The Smart Meter System is also complex because it is can be used by both vendors and end user clients. Therefore, the system accepts top ups in terms of monetary values by customers via their mobile phones (The British Computer Society, 2006). Consequently, plans were put in place to sell the Smart

The Phillips Curve and the Philippines Essay Example for Free

The Phillips Curve and the Philippines Essay According to Cristeta B. Bagsic, the Phillips Curve â€Å"depicts the trade-off between inflation and unemployment rate† (â€Å"The Phillips Curve and Inflation Forecasting: The Case of the Philippines†). Nowadays, the relationship depicted by the Phillips curve is specified in the following equation: Ï€t = Ï€e – ÃŽ ³(UR – UR*) + v where Ï€t is the inflation rate, Ï€e is the expected inflation, ÃŽ ³ is a parameter, UR is the unemployment rate, UR* is the natural rate of unemployment (NRU), and v is a supply shock variable. So while the importance of the negative relationship between unemployment and inflation was obvious enough from the beginning, it is now also apparent that there are other factors that influence the behavior of the Phillips Curve. It is beyond crucial that these additional factors be understood and measured well, if they are to be used in maneuvering developing economies such as the economy of the Philippines. Perhaps the most notable addition to the basic inflation rate-unemployment relationship is the expected inflation or Ï€e. What can be taken from the equation above is that there is a positive relationship between this expected inflation and the actual inflation rate. This is because the expectations involved are those of workers who are assumed to be anticipating rises in the inflation rate. When expecting a rise in inflation rate (for whatever reason), workers tend to withdraw their labor and demand that their employers increase their wages. Assuming that their employers subsequently comply, the workers’ buying power would increase and cause aggregate demand to increase as well. This, in turn, would cause prices to increase which would trigger a rise in inflation – precisely showcasing the positive relationship that was pinpointed (Economics Help Helping to Simplify Economics ). The next factor to be considered is the so-called Natural Rate of Unemployment. Bagsic sees this rate as the long-run unemployment rate because eventually â€Å"the difference between expected inflation and actual inflation should average to zero† (â€Å"The Phillips Curve and Inflation Forecasting: The Case of the Philippines†. When neglecting the rather volatile supply shock variable, the equation specified above will look like this as a result: ÃŽ ³ UR = ÃŽ ³ UR*  or UR = UR* which indicates that the natural rate is more or less what Bagsic suspects it to be – the unemployment rate one would expect to see in the long run. This is caused by the phenomenon already described wherein the workers’ expecting inflation unwittingly react in a way that further aggravates inflation. Also notable is how the NRU is sometimes called the NAIRU or the Non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment as when unemployment is at this specific rate the corresponding inflation has no propensity to increase (Economics Help Helping to Simplify Economics ). The last notable factor in the equation provided is the supply shock variable v which has a significant historical background. Probably the most poignant supply shock was the 1970’s oil supply shock which is commonly thought to have triggered the unusual state of â€Å"stagflation† (high inflation and high unemployment) in several countries including the US. The exact nature of this variable is, as of yet, quite unpredictable (Amadeo). At this point, what is imperative is determining whether or not the Phillips Curve – or a variation of it – can apply to countries like the Philippines. Bagsic’s findings suggest that there is truly a trade-off relationship between inflation and unemployment in the Philippine context. Her data shows that when actual employment rates are above (below) the NAIRU, they are usually accompanied by decelerating (accelerating) inflation rates. These trends are said to be relevant to investors and policymakers to aid with investment decisions and monetary/fiscal policies respectively (â€Å"The Phillips Curve and Inflation Forecasting: The Case of the Philippines†). It is important to keep in mind, however, that the Phillips Curve is not always accurate as evidenced by cases of stagflation; the information on the current trends in the Philippines must always be up-to-date in order to maximize the benefits reaped from the model.

The west :: essays papers

The west The West was a form of society rather than an area. It is the term applied to the region whose social conditions result from the application of older institutions and ideas to the transforming influences of free land. By this application, a new environment is suddenly entered, freedom of opportunity is opened, the cake of custom is broken, and new activities, new lines of growth, new institutions and new ideals, are brought into existence. The wilderness disappears, the "West" proper passes on to a new frontier and, in the former area, and a new society has emerged from this contact with the backwoods. Gradually this society loses its primitive conditions, and assimilates itself to the type of the older social conditions of the East; but it bears within it enduring and distinguishing survivals of its frontier experience. Decade after decade, West after West, this rebirth of American society had gone on, and left its traces behind it, which reacted on the East. The history of our political institutions, our democracy, is not a history of imitation, of simple borrowing; it is a history of the evolution and adaptation of organs in response to changed environment, a history of the origin of new political species. In this sense, therefore, the West has been a constructive force of the highest significance in our life. The West, as a phase of social organization, began with the Atlantic coast, and passed across the continent. But the colonial tidewater area was in close touch with the Old World, and soon lost its Western aspects. In the middle of the eighteenth century, the newer social conditions appeared along the upper waters of the tributaries of the Atlantic. Here it was that the West took on its distinguishing features, and transmitted frontier traits and ideals to this area in later days. On the coast were the fishermen and skippers, the merchants and planters, with eyes turned toward Europe. Beyond the falls of the rivers were the pioneer farmers, largely of non-English stock, Scotch-Irish and German. They constituted a distinct people, and may be regarded as an expansion of the social and economic life of the middle region into the backcountry of the South. These frontiersmen were the ancestors of Boone, Andrew Jackson, Calhoun, Clay, and Lincoln. Washington and Jefferson were profoundly a ffected by these frontier conditions. The forest clearings have been the seed plots of American character.

Is It Moral for Corporations to Test Cosmetics on Animals?

Is it moral for corporations to test cosmetics on animals or to use animals for medical experimentation? Pain is pain, and the importance of preventing unnecessary pain and suffering does not diminish because the being that suffers is not a member of our own species. (Peter Singer,  Animal Liberation) Human beings†¦.. who are we? Are we Gods or we are just the top of the food chain on Earth? Do we have rights to harm other nonhuman species? These and many other questions I have in my head when I see how cruel we are sometimes to each other and even harsher toward the other nonhuman beings.Personally, I treat animals with respect because I consider them to be reasonable creatures that are in many perspectives similar to us, human beings. I am confident that animals have emotions; they can feel pain and happiness like we do. As we can see this is not enough for us to consider them our â€Å"little brothers. † From ancient times, many animals are being used for satisfying human’s different needs, such as food, transportation, and materials. Nowadays, human beings use animals not only for abovementioned purposes, but also for cosmetics and medical experiments.All these experiments definitely cause harm to animals. Majority of human population believes that all these experiments are the required attribute for all pharmaceutical and cosmetics companies. They believe that these practices can prevent many people from suffering by testing all new medicine and cosmetic products on animals first. According to this I can say that animals’ sufferings caused by people became moral issue for our last generations. In my essay I will use the work of Peter Singer â€Å"All animals are Equal,† because his work covers most of the aspects that I agree with.The main purpose of this essay is to emphasize that nonhuman beings have many similarities with human beings and they need to have basis rights for life without pain. It means that human beings must understand that all species are equal and it is immoral to make them suffer. There are similarities between human beings and animals that can be taken into account. In this case, I consider that main feelings that are possessed both by human and by nonhuman beings are pain and happiness. It is obvious that animals that surround us can experience pain. Just imagine if you kick a dog with your leg, the dog will moan and probably will un away with its tail between its legs. If this dog would not suffer from that kick it would not try to prevent that pain from occurring. On the other hand, imagine the same dog running towards her master, spinning her tail and running around him, licking his hands, jumping and sending many other positive signals that represent happiness. By visualizing these two images you can easily understand that animals have basic feelings like we do. For some people this might sound like nonsense if I say that people are equal to other species that are inhabiti ng our planet. I will not take into consideration some biological features of the beings.I want to look at this problem from the moral perspective. Today it is acceptable by many developed countries around the world for women have equal rights with men. We consider that this is a right thing, but think for a moment that essentially males and females are not the same. I mean they have equal rights but not all rights applied for both men and women, due to physiological differences or other factors. For example, P. Singer mentioned in his work that women have right to abortion so in order to make them equal to men, males also must have the same right to abortion (P.Singer, p. 172). However, men do not need this right since those instances never occur. According to this example, equality does not particularly mean that men and women have all the same equal rights. It means that they have the same rights in regards with to what they have in common. Concerning cosmetics and medical experi ments on animals I can definitely say that it makes animals suffer. Let’s take medical experiments of new drugs. Nobody knows what is going to happen when any external substance is implemented on an animal.There are certain medications tested on animals and that caused the death of the animals. For example, one of the scandal cases is the sheep Dolly that died because of the cloning experiment. Obviously there is a big chance for the animals to die after certain tests are performed on them. Nevertheless, human beings still accept the fact that some species other than humans can justifiably suffer in order to possibly save some human being’s lives. However, animals that are involved in those experiments will receive nothing in return but suffering because the only purpose of those experiments is to help people.So, regarding cosmetic experiments, those animals suffer not for the sake of saving some human’s life, but for the sake of helping a number of people to lo ok more beautiful. For instance, before introducing a new cosmetic product such as shampoo to the market a product should go through the series of tests, the part of which is animal testing. Even this single product can harm a large number of animals. Looking more attractive, in my mind, is not worth causing pain to other species. I want to say, that the number of animals’ suffering is greater than the pleasure that human beings receive.In other words the degree of harm is higher than the degree of happiness. Some people might say let’s think about the morality that animals have. The main principal of their lives is to survive. Most of them survive by killing and eating other animals. Let’s take lions as an example; they kill other animals to feed their prides. In other words, they hurt other species to make their own lives flourish. If we can call this their â€Å"morality†, then medical experiments are the right thing to do, because human beings are the part of the same biosphere as lions and other animals are.As a result of these experiments many lives of the human beings were saved. Without the experiments on animals it would be impossible to reach the constant improvements and developments in medicine. If we talk about equality with animals in this perspective then we are equal to them, since we act according to their â€Å"morality. † All these arguments are related to utilitarianism. Utilitarian theories are dealing with selection of the action that will result in the maximum good for the greatest amount of individuals (Encyclopedia Britannica).Regarding animal testing from utilitarian point of view I can say that this is not right thing to do. Since it can be moral only if it delivers the greatest good to greatest number of individuals I can calculate how many individuals are better off in this case. For example only in France in 2005, 12,117,583 animals were used for medical experiments (Andrew Knight, p. 651). Takin g in account that this number represents the quantity of animals that were used by only a single country, I can definitely say that the total number of animals used for experiments in the whole world is much greater than human population.Moreover, not all people received benefits from those medical experiments, but all animals tested suffered or died. Talking about the previous example of analyses of lions’ morality I want to mention that in that case lions kill not more than two zebras to feed more than ten lions. On basis of this, greater good delivered to greater number of individuals. The professor of Oxford and Warwick universities and also the former head of Medical Research Council Colin Blakemore states that many irredeemable human diseases like Alzheimer’s multiple scleroses would never be possible to vaccinate without using all possible tools.In this case, experimental animals are one of the tools that are needed for the research of those diseases (Colin Blak emore). This claim proves that animal testing is one of the main research attributes. Therefore, in order to provide seriously ill people with quality medications, pharmaceutical companies have to test new drugs on animals. It is obvious, that fifty years ago it was normal for researchers to use animals for medical and cosmetics experiments, because they did not have any alternatives. It is known, that today’s technologies have features that can substitute usage of animals.If it is possible to use other means than animals why people do not do that? It seems to me that until animal tests are regarded as moral by human beings this practice will continue. Moreover, there will be a lot of different arguments that will support the idea of animal experiments. Yet, the fact that we can do medical experiments in 21st century without torturing animals is obvious. It is immoral to cause pain to a human by another one. The main reason for that is that human can suffer. Everyone in his o r her life experienced pain and know what it is.So, it became immoral thing to harm other people. Moreover, every person has a right to not experience pain from other individuals. In other words people are bounded by their rights and morality from making other people suffer. We are protected by rights and by laws not to be harmed, but animals are not protected by those rights and human morality. Nevertheless, they can suffer like we do. In this case both human and nonhuman beings experience relatively the same feeling of pain. Since the pain is the one factor that makes us similar to animals, why other species do not have rights to not suffer?One of the reasons why animals do not have some equal rights with people is probably because all those concepts of equal rights were created by human beings. It becomes obvious that human beings are selfish in this perspective. If you are the man it does not mean for me that you can decide for others what to do with their lives. What about the fact that human beings are the part of the biosphere of our planet. I think this is immoral to not take into account that animals can suffer like we do. In these circumstances I agree with P. Singer as he introduced an example about an orphaned infant.He said that â€Å"would be experimenter ready to make his experiments on orphaned infant if it would the only option to save many lives. If experimenter would be against using orphaned infant for experiments, then his readiness to use animal is simple discrimination. † But many adult animals are more receptive to pain than human infants. (P. Singer, p. 176). This is not good and people must understand why they have to do something about it. I agree that this practice is hard to change. Still, looking back in the history there were many practices that were accepted to be moral.For instance, I want to mention slavery and discrimination of African American or women. All of these cases were perceived to be normal at those times, bu t now moral values have changed. It means that there is a chance that people will comprehend the pain that we cause to nonhuman beings. People cannot decide for animals what to do with their lives. It is not moral to benefit one by harming another one. In this case all experiments on animals must be reformed. However, it is rooted deeply in our moral values system, so this values need to be changed as they were changed in other cases similar to this one.Human moral issues are changing all the time. Just recall the time when all people we classified by skin color or other signs. It was normal to discriminate black people only because they have a different skin color. Going back we can see that white people at those times would never accept that they are born equal to black people. It took a lot of time to change those beliefs. Now Barak Obama is the president of USA while a century ago this fact would appear implausible. It means that it is possible to change moral believes of human beings by giving them enough arguments for that.According to this I can definitely say that there are enough arguments that can be used to prove that animal experiments can be reformed. I want to conclude that the problem of animal experiments is related to each individual. According to utilitarian theory the animal experiments are not a right thing to do, because harm of these experiments is greater than the positive outcome. Number of ruined animals’ lives, is much greater than the number of saved human beings’ lives. The only way to prevent animal usage is to persuade people that this is inapplicable in our modern community.As I mentioned there are many ways, including technological improvements, to not use animals for medical experiments. The technology of 21 century allows constructing virtual models of live organisms that are able to predict a reaction of a tested medicine. This argument can cause the change in human beings’ morality, and animals will get equal rights with humas, by taking into consideration their abilities to experience pain and happiness like we do. Moreover, our morality is the subject that can be changed, as we can observe by looking back in the history.We need to start doing it, because we are the most intelligent creatures on the Earth and the future of many animals is in our hands. Work cited 1) Blakemore, Colin. â€Å"Should We Experiment on Animals? Yes. †Ã‚  The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group, 29 Nov. 0028. Web. 22 Feb. 2012. . (I trust this web site, because the author seems to me very intelligent, since he is the professor of Oxford and Warwick universities and also the former head of Medical Research Council Colin Blakemore) 2) Knight, Andrew. Systematic Reviews of Animal Experiments Demonstrate Poor Human Clinical and Toxicological Utility. †Ã‚  ATLA -NOTTINGHAM-  35 (2007): 641-60. Print. 3) Peter Singer, â€Å"Chapter 14: All Animals are Equal† in Hugh LaFollette (ed. ), Ethics in Practice. 171-180 4) Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation. New York, NY: New York Review of, 1990. Print. 5) â€Å"utilitarianism. †Ã‚  Encyclop? dia Britannica. Encyclop? dia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclop? dia Britannica Inc. , 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2012. .

Case Assignment Benzene exposure

Introduction Benzene which is also known as benzol is an organic compound that is colorless, highly flammable and with a sweet odor. It tends to evaporate quickly when left exposed. It is a chemical compound that is normally formed by a natural process such as volcanic formation or forest fires. It is also formed from hydrocarbons. It was said to be present as a â€Å"component of the cigarette smoke† (ACS, 2008). Some of it physical properties are a relatively high melting point and high solubility in water.It is mostly use as a solvent in most chemical industries. It functions ranges from the production of drugs, plastics, synthetic rubber to dyes production where it mostly serves as the precursors of such industrial products. Route of exposure Benzene exposure has a lot of health impact and there are mostly three ways in which an individual can be exposed to benzene toxicity, these are inhalational route, ingestion and transdermal absorption (Media Fact, 2008). Inhalation o f benzene is usually as a result of the breathing of the benzene fumes.Benzene fumes are inhaled easily because benzene is an extremely volatile organic compound and this kind of exposure is one of the deadliest because of it immediate contact with the lung parenchyma. This then elicit a lot neurological symptoms such as headache, dizziness, tachycardia (increase in heart rate), tremors and subsequent death if untreated on time. Benzene ingestion result from eating of benzene laden foods or beverages and its noticeable symtoms are neurological while those of transdermal route usually result from contact with the benzene or benzene laden materials (Media Fact, 2008).The health problems cause by this route of benzene exposure â€Å"are erythema (reddening of the skin), scaling dermatitis, suppression of the hematopoietic system and pancytopenia† (Media Fact, 2008) Sources of Benzene Exposure The major sources of human exposure to benzene are environmental, occupational and cons umer products. Benzene is usually released into air from sources like gasoline filling stations, underground leakage of petroleum, vehicular exhaust, cigarette smoke, waste products or sewage and some food products.Most of the occupational related benzene exposure are seen mainly in industries like those involve in rubber production, chemical plants, refineries and shipments and retail shops. Other sources include consumer products that are made of benzene such as glues, adhesives, cigarettes, paint and varnishes e. t. c Short and long term effects The short term effects of benzene exposure are â€Å"drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, tremors, confusion and unconsciousness† (ACS, 2008).The previous symptoms are as a result of exposure of about 700-300ppm while acute exposure of high dose results in vomiting, irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, narcolepsy, convulsion and tachycardia. In extreme cases of high dose ingestion death usually results. The long term effect of be nzene toxicity has been attributed to the interference with the normal blood cell production i. e. the hematopoietic cells. The sequeale of this is anemia and leucopenia. An individual with this will be immunocompromised hence such individual will be prone to opportunistic diseases.The long term effect can also be seen to result in reproductive organ dysfunction. Precautionary measures 1. The use of personal protective equipment such as gloves, apron and some other clothing materials. 2. Special training on equipments handling and usage 3. If there is accidental release of the benzene quick evacuation of such laboratory must be done urgently 4. Proper ventilation of the laboratory References ACS, (2008). Benzene. Prevention and early detection Retrieved Sept 4, 2008 From www. cancer. org/docroot/PED/content/PED_1_3X_Benzene. asp

Hafnium Facts (Atomic Number 72 or Hf)

Hafnium Facts (Atomic Number 72 or Hf) Hafnium is an element that was predicted by Mendeleev (of periodic table fame) before it was actually discovered. Here is a collection of fun and interesting facts about hafnium, as well as standard atomic data for the element: Hafnium Element Facts Fresh, pure hafnium is a metal with a bright, silvery luster. However, hafnium oxidizes to form a beautiful rainbow colored surface effect.Mendeleev predicted the existence of hafnium in a report he prepared in 1869. It was one of two non-radioactive elements believed to exist, but not verified. It was finally discovered in 1923 by Georg von Hevesy and Dirk Coster by using x-ray spectroscopy on a zirconium ore sample. The element name honors the city of its discovery (Hafnia is the old name for Copenhagen).As you might expect, hafnium is not found free in nature. Instead, it forms compounds and alloys. Because the two metals share similar occurrence and properties, hafnium is extremely difficult to separate from zirconium. Most hafnium metal has some degree of zirconium contamination. Although hafnium is found with ores (mainly zircon and baddeleyite), it is not as reactive as most transition metals.When hafnium is powdered, the increased surface area improves its reactivity. Powdere d hafnium readily ignites and may explode. Hafnium finds use as an alloying agent for iron, titanium, niobium, and tantalum. It is found in integrated circuits, vacuum tubes, and incandescent lamps. Hafnium is used in nuclear reactors, mainly as nuclear control rods because hafnium is an exceptionally powerful neutron absorber. This is one significant difference between hafnium and its sister element zirconium zirconium is essentially transparent to neutrons.Hafnium in its pure form is not particularly toxic, but it does represent a health hazard, particularly if inhaled. Hafnium compounds should be handled with care, as should any transition metal compound, because the ionic forms be dangerous. Only limited testing has been done on the effect of hafnium compounds in animals. All that is really known is that hafnium usually exhibits a valence of 4.Hafnium is found in the gemstones zircon and garnet. Hafnium in garnet may be used as a geochronometer, which means it can be used to date metamorphic geological events. Hafnium Atomic Data Element Name: Hafnium Hafnium Symbol: Hf Atomic Number: 72 Atomic Weight: 178.49 Element Classification: Transition Metal Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 Discovery: Dirk Coster and Georg von Hevesy 1923 (Denmark) Name Origin: Hafnia, the Latin name of Copenhagen. Density (g/cc): 13.31 Melting Point (K): 2503 Boiling Point (K): 5470 Appearance: silvery, ductile metal Atomic Radius (pm): 167 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 13.6 Covalent Radius (pm): 144 Ionic Radius: 78 (4e) Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.146 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): (25.1) Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 575 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.3 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 575.2 Oxidation States: 4 Lattice Structure: hexagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 3.200 Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.582 Hafnium Fast Fasts Element Name: HafniumElement Symbol: HfAtomic Number: 72Appearance: Steel gray metalGroup: Group 4 (Transition Metal)Period: Period 6Discovery:Â  Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy (1922) Sources Hevesy, G. (1925). The Discovery and Properties of Hafnium. Chemical Reviews. 2: 1–41. doi:10.1021/cr60005a001Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 971–975. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.Lee, O. Ivan (1928). The Mineralogy of Hafnium. Chemical Reviews. 5: 17–37. doi:10.1021/cr60017a002Schemel, J. H. (1977). ASTM Manual on Zirconium and Hafnium. ASTM International. pp. 1–5. ISBN 978-0-8031-0505-8.Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

Overview of the FAFSA for Financial Aid

Overview of the FAFSA for Financial Aid If you want financial aid, youll need to fill out the FAFSA. The FAFSA is the Free Application for Federal Student Aid. Anyone who wants financial aid for college will need to fill out the FAFSA. The application is used to determine the dollar amount you or your family will be expected to contribute towards college. All federal grant and loan awards are determined by the FAFSA, and nearly all colleges use the FAFSA as the basis for their own financial aid awards. The FAFSA is managed by the Office of Federal Student Aid, part of the Department of Higher Education. The Office of Federal Student Aid processes roughly 14 million financial aid applications a year and disburses about $80 billion in financial aid. The FAFSA application should take about one hour to fill out, but this is only if you have all the necessary documents at hand before you begin. Some applicants get frustrated with the application process because they do not have ready access to all necessary tax forms and bank statements, so be sure to plan ahead before you sit down to complete your FAFSA. The FAFSA requires information in five categories: Information about the studentInformation about the student’s dependency statusInformation about the student’s parentsInformation about the student’s financesA list of the schools that should receive the results of the FAFSA Students can fill out the FAFSA online at the FAFSA website, or they can apply through the mail with a paper form. The Office of Federal Student Aid strongly recommends the online application because it conducts immediate error checking, and it tends to speed up the application process by a few weeks. Students applying online can save their work and return to an application at a later date. Again, any financial aid award begins with the FAFSA, so be sure to complete the form before the deadlines for the schools to which you’ve applied. Realize that most state deadlines are much earlier than the June 30th federal deadline. Read more about the timing of your FAFSA application here: When Should You Submit the FAFSA?

How to decide if college is the right choice for you

How to decide if college is the right choice for you Get your degree if you want to succeed. This is pretty common advice for students who are trying to figure out what comes next in their lives. And education is always a good solution if you want to build knowledge and skills. Plus, a degree is usually a baseline requirement for more and more jobs out there, as many people find when they hit the job market with a high school diploma (or equivalent certificate) in hand. But a college degree is also a significant investment of time, money, and personal resources, so it’s more important than ever to make sure it’s the right choice for your own life. Is it worthwhile for everyone? And more importantly, is it worthwhile for you? Let’s look at the most important factors to consider as you decide whether or not to go for that college degree.Consider the debt†¦Any conversation about college these days has to involve the specter of staggering debt. Per CollegeData.com, the average price tag for a college education is $25,290 per year for a state college or university, and $50,900 for a private college or university. And tuition isn’t the only cost to consider: housing, books, and living expenses all factor in as well.Many students are able to make these ends meet with scholarships, grants, or working while they also attend colleges. But increasingly, students and their families are turning to student loans to cover college expenses. As of 2017, student loan debt is the second-highest consumer debt category, trailing only mortgage debt, per Forbes. The average student now carries $37,172 in student loan debt as they graduate and prepare to enter the workforce. Given that the average grad makes less than $50,000 per year to start, this can be a significant financial burden at the start of a career. And the default rate for student loans is 11.2%, suggesting that grads are not always able to cope with this debt as they move on after college.†¦but also consider the earning potential  W hile student load debt is becoming a significant national burden, it’s also seen as a kind of necessary evil when you look at how much college grads make vs. their counterparts who have a high school diploma or an incomplete college degree.According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, college grads experience significantly lower unemployment the more advanced their degrees become. College grads also earn more, on average: the median weekly earnings for someone with a high school diploma jumps from $692 to $1,156 if the person has a bachelor’s degree. To put it in even more concrete terms, according to the National Center for Educational Statistics, a bachelor’s degree (or higher) adds $15,000 per year in income.So is college worth it?If we’re going by the stats, then, frankly, yes. On paper, college graduates are likely to make more and experience a lower unemployment rate. But life is rarely so straightforward and easy checked off by â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no,† so let’s look at questions you need to ask yourself before you take this step.What are my goals?If you dream of becoming an accountant or a computer programmer, then these are fields that require specific expertise and academic credentials. If your ultimate goal is to work in retail management, then that’s a field where experience can trump an education credential on a resume. The first step in any â€Å"is college for me?† debate is figuring out what your ideal future holds.Can I achieve those goals in a non-traditional way?Here’s where alternative education programs become a crucial part of the dialogue. It may be that your target profession has specific education and certification programs that require less time and investment than a traditional college program, where you may be taking courses and meeting requirements that have nothing to do with your eventual profession. Allied health professions are a great example of this- man y healthcare positions require a degree (like registered nursing or anesthesiologist), but there are plenty of jobs in the field that do not (like optician or surgical technologists) and instead require a job-specific certification and on-the-job training.Trade schools can be a valid alternative to a four-year program, providing exactly the knowledge and expertise you’ll need for your career goals, and often for a more affordable price than you’d see at a traditional four-year school.What’s my financial plan?If you can afford to pay for college straight up, that’s fantastic! If you can’t, then you need to have a plan. Whether it’s Harvard or a trade school, you’ll have to account for the costs of your future educational path. Based on your eventual job goals, how much will you be able to afford to pay on the average starting salary for that job? Sites like Salary.com and PayScale.com are great for helping you play around with that kin d of math and determining what people are realistically making in your potential field.Can I find a less expensive way to build your college degree?Many students opt to start off their college career at a community college, taking core classes and then transferring to a four-year college to finish the degree. This has a couple of benefits: it’s less expensive than four years at a traditional college or university, may cut down on extra expenses like room and board if you can live at home, and also gives you time to decide whether you’re on the right path, education-wise. If you get to the end of a four-year program only to discover that you’ve made a huge mistake in your major or concentration, then you’ve wasted both your time and (likely) a lot of money. If you take the community college route to study phlebotomy and discover in the process that maybe you’re not destined to be a doctor because you can’t stand the sight of blood after all, you’ve saved yourself a very expensive revelation later on.The bottom line is that college is an asset for the average person, but it might not be worthwhile for you, the non-average person. It’s important to consider what your individual career goals are and whether you truly need the expertise and credentials that a four-year school can provide. You shouldn’t feel roped into getting an expensive degree just because everyone is telling you that you should. Instead, it should be a decision based on careful thought about what the college degree would mean for your professional life, your future finances, and your ability to commit to that four-year degree. After all, you’re unique, and your path to achieving your professional ambitions should be one that works for yourself- not anyone else.

International Financial Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Financial Markets - Essay Example From this point, bond portfolios can be restructured in a systematic manner outlined as under: In the events when interest rates are expected to decrease, it would be advisable to restructure the bond portfolios drifting towards securities constituting long-term maturities. This will allow the portfolios to earn maximum capital gain because there is a stronger likelihood that the price of the bonds having long maturities are expected to increase by a greater amount than that of bonds having short maturities in case of a decrease in the yields. Conversely, in the events of an increase in the interest rates, it would be advisable to restructure the bonds portfolios drifting towards short-term securities as it may likely to result in decreasing the capital losses from a decrease in the prices of long-term maturities compared to the increase in the prices of securities having short-term maturities. ... ter 1 year Price of Bond 2 (5yr) after 1 year Price of Bond 3 (10yr) after 1 year Price of Bond 4 (20yr) after 1 year Price of Bond 1 (2yr) after 2 years Price of Bond 2 (5yr) after 2 years Price of Bond 3 (10yr) after 2 years Price of Bond 4 (20yr) after 2 years Bond Current Price P1 P2 2yr 109.5 104.4599 105 5yr 120.23 115.0694 109.2377 10yr 126.63 122.9504 118.6706 20yr 126.46 123.9087 121.6928 Holding Period Returns Bond 1 (2yr) Return for 1 year: 0.23 - 5.04006 = -4.81 Bond 2 (5yr) Return for 1 year: 0.85 - 5.16058 = -4.31 Bond 3 (10yr) Return for 1 year: 2.03 - 3.67964 = -1.64 Bond 4 (20yr) Return for 1 year: 3.19 - 2.55135 = 0.638 Bond 1 (2yr) Cumulative Return for 2 years: [0.23(1.0113) + 0.23] -4.5 = -4.0374 Bond 2 (5yr) Cumulative Return for 2 years: [0.85(1.0113) + 0.85] -10.99 = -9.2804 Bond 3 (10yr) Cumulative Return for 2 years: [2.03(1.0113) + 2.03] -7.96 = 3.877 Bond 4 (20yr) Cumulative Return for 2 years: [3.19(1.0113) + 3.19] -4.76 = 1.656 Bond 1-year Return 2-year Return 2yr -4.81 -4.0374 5yr -4.31 -9.2804 10yr -1.64 3.877 20yr 0.638 1.656 Task 5 Holding period return is considered as quite significant because the period covering this return pertains to the time horizon for which the investment is to be held in the portfolio. In the light of the holding period returns generated for the four bonds, it can be closely observed that if the time horizon is kept as 1 year, securities having short-term maturities, are unable to provide any returns, rather they are incurring losses. Only 20-year bond is providing the holding period return of 0.638 while rest of the other three securities, are in negative zone. On the other hand, if the 2-year time horizon for holding the securities in the portfolio is taken into consideration, it can be noted that the

Business Ethics and Virtue Ethics 3 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Ethics and Virtue Ethics 3 SLP - Essay Example It is also seen in the fair representation of divergent views by respecting both merits and demerits. It encompasses such aspects as impartiality, fidelity and equity. Justice can always be viewed in various dimensions. In the context of harmony, justice refers to receiving an equivalent share depending on the efforts we place on an undertaking. In this respect justice is seen as a way of mitigating any misunderstanding that might arise out of inappropriate allocations. In another respect, justice emerges as a divine command that drives the conduct of humanity (Jost & Wuerth, 2011). For instance, killing somebody is wrong and should therefore be punished. It is therefore one of the moral principles that is normally intended to enhance peace and coexistence in the world. In virtue ethics, justice in this respect is quite important as a way of promoting the highest morals and principles (Gavai, 2010). In essence all the theories of justice advocate the fact that everyone should actuall y receive what they deserve in life. For instance things like wealth and social status should always be distributed in a way that matches the respective merits of individuals. More importantly, the distribution of wealth should always match the overall contribution of an individual to the social good (Hooft, 2006). The concept of justice is normally closely associated with an element of fairness in dealings. It connotes the impartial distribution of resources in a way that limits any cases of dissatisfaction. In this regard, everyone should have the liberty to enjoy all the basic rights accorded to humanity. Kindness is also one of the most important aspects in virtue ethics and refers to the condition of being kind and characterized by charitable and good behavior (Michalos, 2011). It is also seen as a way of showing concern and disposition for others. While kindness is essentially a virtue, it is normally recognized as a value in the context of religions and cultures. In any case, acts of kindness normally benefit both the receivers and the givers. To the giver, it is more about feeling a sense of contentment and relaxation out of doing well to others (Hendry, 2004). In most cases kindness is seen as the ability and willingness of helping someone in need not in return for anything. The basic concept here is the need to help the other person. Kindness as a virtue is certainly very important in all aspects of life. The element of being kind can greatly enable somebody to achieve a lot of respect and mileage in many situations. In this case, kindness is always encouraged in most cultures and religions as a ways of enhancing peace, harmony and coexistence among the various societies and communities in the world (Crisp & Slote, 2004). Honesty is also part of the moral character that is normally encouraged and highly regarded in life. The aspect of being honest connotes the attributes of integrity and truthfulness as opposed to deceit and telling lies. In this cas e, honesty encompasses straightforwardness without such aspects like theft or cheating. It is a way of encouraging people to always tell the truth since it is one of the ways of avoiding many vices in life. In an organizational setup, the element of virtue ethics is certainly very important in promoting business ethics and enhancing the proper coordination of